Stem Cell therapy

Stem cell treatment, also known as regenerative medicine, uses stem cells or their derivatives to enhance the repair response of sick, dysfunctional, or wounded tissue. It's the next step in organ transplantation, and it relies on cells rather than donor organs, which are in short supply.
Stem cells are the body's raw materials — they are the cells that give rise to all other cells with specific tasks. Stem cells divide to generate new cells called daughter cells under the correct conditions in the body or in the lab. These daughter cells differentiate into new stem cells or specialised cells with a specific purpose, such as blood cells, brain cells, heart muscle cells, or bone cells (differentiation). No other cell in the body has the potential to produce new cell types on its own.

Disease Overveiw:

Neurological Disorder
According to medical terminology, neurological disorders are conditions that affect the spinal cord, brain, and body's nerves. A variety of symptoms can be caused by structural, biochemical, or electrical abnormalities in the brain, spinal cord, or other nerves.
Paralysis, weak muscles, shaky coordination, loss of sensation, seizures, confusion, pain, and altered levels of consciousness are a few symptoms.

Disease Signs and Symptoms:

Symptoms of disorders of the nervous system
The most typical general indications and symptoms of a nervous system disorder are listed below. However, each person may have different symptoms. Some signs could be:
- A headache that lasts for a long time or develops suddenly
- A headache that alters or differs
- Weakness or loss of muscle strength
- Loss of feeling or tingling
- Double vision
- Memory loss
- Reduced mental ability
- Inability to coordinate
- Muscle rigidity
- Seizures and tremors
- Muscle wasting and slurred speech
- Back pain that radiates to the feet, toes, or other parts of the body
- Impairment in learning new languages (expression or comprehension)
The signs of a nervous system disorder can resemble those of other illnesses or conditions. For a diagnosis, consult your healthcare provider at all times.

Disease Causes

The specific causes of neurological issues can vary, but they may include malnutrition, brain injury, spinal cord injury, or nerve injury. They may also include genetic disorders, congenital abnormalities or disorders, infections, lifestyle or environmental health issues.

Disease Diagnostics

It is difficult and complex to evaluate and diagnose nervous system damage. Several of the same symptoms are present in various combinations among the various disorders. Numerous disorders lack definite causes, indicators, or diagnostic procedures. This may make a diagnosis more challenging.
A thorough medical history and physical examination are the first steps a healthcare professional takes to diagnose a nervous system disorder. Additionally, he or she might carry out any of the following tests:

– CT scan. This imaging test creates horizontal images of the body using a combination of X-rays and computer technology. Any part of the body, including the bones, muscles, fat, and organs, can be seen in great detail on a CT scan. Compared to regular X-rays, CT scans are more detailed.
the electroencephalogram (EEG). Through electrodes affixed to the scalp, this test continuously records the electrical activity of the brain.
- MRI. To create precise images of the body's organs and structures, this test combines powerful magnets, radio waves, and a computer.
- Electrodiagnostic tests, such as nerve conduction velocity and electromyography (EMG) (NCV). These examinations evaluate and identify muscle and motor neuron diseases.
Positron emission tomography (PET). This examination gauges cellular metabolism.
- An aortogram (angiogram). This X-ray of the veins and arteries looks for vessel narrowing or blockage.
Spinal tapping (lumbar puncture). A special needle is inserted into the spinal canal of the lower back during this test. This is where the spinal cord is located. The pressure inside the brain and spinal canal can then be calculated. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can be sampled in small amounts and sent for analysis to determine whether an infection or other issues are present. The fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord is called CSF.
- Evoked possibilities. The electrical activity of the brain in response to sensory input is captured during this test.
The myelogram. In order to make the structure clearly visible on X-rays for this test, dye is injected into the spinal canal.
– Neurosonography Ultra high-frequency sound waves are used in this test. It enables the medical professional to examine blood flow in potential stroke cases.
- Sonography (sonography). High-frequency sound waves and a computer are used in this imaging test to create images of the organs, tissues, and blood vessels. Internal organs are viewed using ultrasounds as they work. They evaluate different vessel blood flow as well.

Disease Treatment Using Stem Cell Therapy

The most common cause of disease burden worldwide, neurological disease includes a wide range of disorders of the central and peripheral nervous systems. When compared to other therapeutic fields, the range of treatment options for neurological diseases is constrained, and drug approval rates for improved treatments continue to be low. In spite of the fact that stem cell therapy offers many patients hope, it is important to keep in mind that the scientific and medical communities have not yet fully understood the complexities of stem cell biology or produced sufficient evidence to support their rational, evidence-based application in therapeutic settings.
There are numerous stem cell therapies available, some of which use neural, hematopoietic, and mesenchymal stem cells.
In addition, differentiated embryonic stem cell therapies and induced pluripotent stem cell therapies are beginning to take centre stage. There have been more than 200 clinical trials using different stem cell strategies to treat neurological disorders registered to date, with the majority treating multiple sclerosis, strokes, and spinal cord injuries. We found 17 neurological indications in various stages of clinical development.