Procedure Description:

Stomach Cancer Treatment:

The stage and location of stomach cancer determine the available treatment choices. When creating a treatment plan, your healthcare professional also takes your preferences and general health into account. Treatments for stomach cancer including surgery, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and palliative care.

Surgery:

Gastrectomy: This type of surgery involves removing the stomach entirely or in part. A partial gastrectomy is the surgical removal of only a portion of the stomach. A total gastrectomy occurs when the entire stomach is removed.

Disease Overview:

Stomach Cancer

One form of cancer that starts as a cell growth in the stomach is called stomach cancer, sometimes known as gastric cancer. The stomach is situated in the upper middle area of the belly, just behind the ribs. Meal breakdown and digestion are aided by the stomach.
Stomach cancer can affect any part of the stomach. In most of the world, stomach malignancies typically attack the majority of the stomach. This portion is referred to as the stomach body.
The best probability of success for stomach cancer treatment is if the disease is confined to the stomach. In the case of small stomach cancers, the prognosis is good. It's conceivable that many will recover. The majority of stomach cancers are found later in life, when there is less prospect of recovery. When stomach cancer breaks through the stomach wall or spreads to other parts of the body, treatment becomes more challenging.

Disease Signs and Symptoms:

Stomach cancer signs and indicators could include:

- Dysphagia 

- Abdominal discomfort

- Heartburn

- feeling bloated after eating

- feeling full after consuming modest amounts of food 

- not feeling hungry when you should

- Indigestion

- Feeling queasy

- Feeling extremely exhausted 

- Losing weight without trying 

- Vomiting 

- Stools that seem black

Early-stage stomach cancer is not always symptomatic. Indigestion and upper abdominal pain are possible symptoms when they occur. It is possible for symptoms to wait until the cancer has progressed. Symptoms of stomach cancer in its latter stages include extreme fatigue, spontaneous weight loss, vomiting blood, and dark stools.

Disease Causes:

The exact cause of stomach cancer is unknown. According to experts, the majority of stomach cancers begin with damage to the stomach's internal lining. Examples include eating a lot of salty meals, having chronic acid reflux, and having a stomach infection. However, not everyone who has these risk factors develops stomach cancer. Therefore, more investigation is required to determine the precise cause.

The genesis of stomach cancer is caused by damage to the stomach's inner lining cells.

The following are some factors that raise the risk of stomach cancer:

1- Periodic issues resulting in stomach acid refluxing into the esophagus, also known as gastroesophageal reflux disease

2- Consuming a lot of smoked and salted meals

3- A diet deficient in vegetables and fruits

4. Stomach infection brought on by the bacteria Helicobacter pylori

5. Gastritis is the inflammation and swelling of the stomach's inside.

6- Smoking

7- Polyps, or growths of noncancerous cells in the stomach

8- Stomach cancer in the family history

Genetic disorders that raise the risk of stomach cancer and other cancers run in the family.

Disease Diagnosis:

The following tests and techniques are used to identify and diagnose stomach cancer:

1. Peering into the stomach. Your doctor may use a tiny camera to examine inside your stomach in order to check for symptoms of cancer. We refer to this process as upper endoscopy.

2. Obtaining a tissue sample for examination. Your stomach may have something removed for testing if it appears to be cancerous. We refer to this as a biopsy.

If stomach cancer is diagnosed, you may have additional testing to determine whether the disease has spread. The cancer is assigned a stage based on this information. The stage provides information about your prognosis and the extent of your cancer to your provider.

1. Hematologic testing. Stomach cancer cannot be diagnosed by a blood test. Your doctor may be able to learn more about your health via blood testing. Tests to assess the condition of your liver, for instance, may reveal issues brought on by stomach cancer that has moved to the liver.

2. Ultrasound of the stomach. An imaging test called an ultrasound creates images by using sound waves. The images can demonstrate the extent to which stomach cancer has penetrated the stomach wall.

3- Imaging tests. Imaging tests produce images that your healthcare team can use to search for evidence of metastases from stomach cancer. The images can depict cancer cells in adjacent lymph nodes or other bodily areas. CT and PET (positron emission tomography) are two possible test types.

Disease Treatment:

The stage and location of stomach cancer determine the available treatment choices. When creating a treatment plan, your healthcare professional also takes your preferences and general health into account. Treatments for stomach cancer including surgery, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and palliative care.

Operation

Removing the entire malignancy is the aim of surgery for gastric cancer, commonly known as stomach cancer. Treatment for minor stomach cancers may start with surgery. If the stomach cancer spreads to the lymph nodes or grows deeper into the stomach wall, other treatments may be tried first.

The following procedures are used to treat stomach cancer:

1. Eliminating tiny tumors from the lining of the stomach. The stomach lining can be removed to expose very tiny tumors. 

2. Removing the stomach in part. We refer to this procedure as a subtotal gastrectomy. The cancerous portion of the stomach is removed, along with some surrounding good tissue by the surgeon.

3. Eliminating the stomach completely. We refer to this procedure as a total gastrectomy. The whole stomach as well as some surrounding tissue are removed.

4. Excising lymph nodes in order to detect malignancy. In order to check for malignancy, the surgeon could remove the lymph nodes in your abdomen.

5- Surgery to relieve symptoms. The symptoms of a developing cancer may be relieved by surgery to remove a portion of the stomach. 

Other alternatives that are not included here:

1. The use of chemotherapy

2. Personalized medicine

3. Immunotherapy

4. Radiation treatment

Gastrectomy: This type of surgery involves removing the stomach entirely or in part. A partial gastrectomy is the surgical removal of only a portion of the stomach. A total gastrectomy occurs when the entire stomach is removed.