Procedure Description:

Osteosarcoma (OS) Treatment:

The following procedures are used to treat osteosarcoma:

Also known as limb-sparing surgery, this type of surgery aims to remove the malignancy alone. The majority of osteosarcoma surgeries can be performed in a method that preserves the arm or leg while removing all malignancy.

The surgeon will replace the bone if a portion of it is removed. Rebuilding the bone relies on the circumstances. Bone grafts and metal implants are among the options.

- Amputation surgery, which removes the afflicted arm or limb. Seldom would a surgeon remove the afflicted arm or limb in order to eliminate all malignancy. An prosthetic leg or arm can be used following surgery. We refer to this as a prosthesis.

- Rotationplasty, or the removal of the lower leg through surgery. For osteosarcoma in and around the knee joint, rotationplasty may be a viable treatment option. The knee joint and the surrounding area, including the cancer, are removed by the surgeon during this procedure. After that, the foot and ankle are turned and repositioned on the leg that is still above the knee. Then, the ankle functions as a knee.

Disease Overview:

Osteosarcoma

One type of cancer that starts in the cells that make up bones is called osteosarcoma. The majority of cases of osteosarcoma typically affect teenagers and young adults. However, older adults and younger children might also experience it.

Any bone can become the site of osteosarcoma. The lengthy bones of the legs and perhaps the arms are where it is most frequently found. It rarely occurs in soft tissue that is not attached to the bone.

Disease Sign and Symptoms:

Osteosarcoma symptoms and indicators typically begin in the bone. The long bones of the legs and even the arms are most commonly affected by malignancy. Among the most typical symptoms are:

1- Pain in the joints or bones. At initially, pain may come and go. It could be misinterpreted as developing pains.

2. A pain that results from a bone breaking for no apparent reason.

3. Edema close to a bone.

Disease Causes:

What causes osteosarcoma is unknown.

When DNA alterations occur in bone cells, osteosarcoma results. The instructions, known as genes, that tell a cell what to do are stored in the DNA of that cell. The DNA in healthy cells contains instructions on how to divide and expand at a specific rate. The cells are instructed to die at a predetermined time.

The majority of osteosarcoma patients do not have any established risk factors for the malignancy. However, the following variables may make osteosarcoma more likely:

1. Certain illnesses that are inherited. Hereditary retinoblastoma, Werner syndrome, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Bloom syndrome, and Rothmund-Thomson syndrome are a few of these.

2. Additional bone disorders. These consist of fibrous dysplasia and Paget's disease of the bone.

3. Previous chemotherapy or radiation therapy treatments.

There's not a method to prevent osteosarcoma.

Disease Diagnosis:

A physical examination may be used to diagnose osteosarcoma. There may be additional exams and processes based on the exam results.

Imaging tests: These procedures provide images of the human body. An osteosarcoma's location and size can be seen in them. A possible test is an 1. X-ray.

2. MRI.

3. CT.

4. A bone scan.

5. A PET scan, commonly known as a Positron Emission Tomography scan.

6. Taking a biopsy, or sample of cells, to be tested

Disease Treatment:

The most common treatments for osteosarcoma are surgery and chemotherapy. Rarely, if surgery is not an option for treating the malignancy, radiation therapy may also be a possibility.

Surgery: To eradicate every cancer cell is the aim of this procedure. The location and size of the malignancy are two important parameters that determine how much surgery is required for osteosarcoma.

The following procedures are used to treat osteosarcoma:

Also known as limb-sparing surgery, this type of surgery aims to remove the malignancy alone. The majority of osteosarcoma surgeries can be performed in a method that preserves the arm or leg while removing all malignancy.

The surgeon will replace the bone if a portion of it is removed. Rebuilding the bone relies on the circumstances. Bone grafts and metal implants are among the options.

- Amputation surgery, which removes the afflicted arm or limb. Seldom would a surgeon remove the afflicted arm or limb in order to eliminate all malignancy. An prosthetic leg or arm can be used following surgery. We refer to this as a prosthesis.

- Rotationplasty, or the removal of the lower leg through surgery. For osteosarcoma in and around the knee joint, rotationplasty may be a viable treatment option. The knee joint and the surrounding area, including the cancer, are removed by the surgeon during this procedure. After that, the foot and ankle are turned and repositioned on the leg that is still above the knee. Then, the ankle functions as a knee.