Intraventricular Tumor Surgery:

Intraventricular tumours are surgically removed to relieve pressure caused by a blockage in the flow of cerebrospinal fluid. For tumours in the ventricles (fluid gaps) or deep-seated cancers in the brain material, Neuroendoport surgery is a minimally invasive option.

A neurosurgeon cuts a hole in the skull to remove a brain tumour. A craniotomy is the name for this procedure. The surgeon tries to remove the entire tumour whenever feasible. Your doctor may remove as much of the tumour as feasible if it cannot be entirely removed without causing damage to important brain tissue.

Disease Overview:

Intraventricular Tumors

There are numerous ventricles, or chambers, in the brain that are filled with cerebrospinal fluid, a transparent liquid. The cerebrospinal fluid, which surrounds the brain and spinal cord, aids with brain support and cushioning. Intraventricular tumours are tumours that develop in the ventricles and can emerge from a number of cells in the area. The tumours might be astrocytomas, which form from brain supporting cells; meningiomas, which arise from the brain's protective covering; ependymomas, which arise from the ventricle linings; colloid cysts and craniopharyngiomas, which arise from developing cells; or other brain cancers. Intraventricular tumours account for 10% of all cancers in the central nervous system.

Disease Signs and Symptoms:

Different glial cells in the brain give rise to intraventricular tumours. If they grow in the ventricles, meningiomas, colloid cysts, craniopharyngiomas, astrocytomas, and ependymoms can all be intraventicular tumours.

Gene mutations (changes) or abnormalities can cause cells in the brain to grow out of control, resulting in a tumour. Exposure to substantial levels of radiation from X-rays or past cancer treatment is the only known environmental cause of brain tumours.

Symptoms that are common

• Headache.
• Confusion.
• Speech, eyesight, or memory issues are all possible causes.
• The person's personality evolves.
• Arms and/or legs are numb or have lost feeling.
• Seizures.

Disease Causes:

Intraventricular tumours are particularly dangerous because they frequently block the passage of cerebrospinal fluid. Obstructive hydrocephalus is a condition in which the flow of cerebrospinal fluid is obstructed. The volume of fluid in the ventricle swells in persons with hydrocephalus, putting pressure on surrounding brain tissue and causing headaches, nausea, mental status decline, visual abnormalities, and death. Seizures, paralysis or numbness in the limbs, impairments in language function, progressive changes in mood or personality, and memory loss are all possible signs of intraventricular tumours, depending on their location.

Disease Diagnosis:

Intraventricular tumours are diagnosed mostly by imaging tests. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is now the best imaging modality available. CT scans are often employed, particularly to determine the presence of hydrocephalus. In both studies, a chemical that creates image contrast is given intravenously so that neurological surgeons can see the tumour against the normal brain in the backdrop. Neurosurgeons may use an MRI scan with frameless stereotactic guidance in some circumstances. After specific markers (called fiducials) are implanted on the patient's scalp, a contrast MRI is done for this investigation. A computer processes the fiducials, calculating the tumor's position and creating a three-dimensional reconstruction.

This picture is then used during surgery to assist in accurately locating the tumour, maximising tumour removal, and minimising harm to the adjacent brain.

Disease Treatment:

The relief of the pressure induced by the restriction in cerebrospinal fluid flow is frequently the first step in traditional treatment for intraventricular tumours. The main therapy for brain tumours is surgical tumour removal, which can both ease the pressure and remove the impediment. Excess fluid may need to be evacuated before surgery in rare circumstances. A shunt, an implanted conduit that permits excess fluid to drain to other areas of the brain or the body, can be used to accomplish this. For numerous reasons, endoscopic surgery, in which equipment and cameras are handled through tubes placed through a tiny incision, is beneficial for intraventricular malignancies. Because cerebrospinal fluid is transparent, surgeons may easily see the tumour using an implanted camera.

Also, because these tumours can emerge from a variety of cells, a tissue biopsy is frequently required; this can be done with endoscopic surgery without the need for a craniotomy. Finally, traditional surgical procedures may have difficulty reaching intraventricular tumours, a limitation that does not apply to endoscopic surgery.

A biopsy collected before or after surgery will be studied under a microscope to assess the tumour kind and malignancy, as well as to choose the best course of action. Patients may get radiation treatment, chemotherapy, or both after surgery. In addition, stereotactic radiosurgery, which uses a highly concentrated beam of radiation to target cancer cells directly while leaving the surrounding brain unharmed, may be a viable treatment for some smaller tumours.